Exploiting XXE using external entities to retrieve files | Dec 25, 2022

Introduction

Welcome to my another writeup! In this Portswigger Labs lab, you'll learn: Exploiting XXE using external entities to retrieve files! Without further ado, let's dive in.

Overall difficulty for me (From 1-10 stars): ★☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆

Background

This lab has a "Check stock" feature that parses XML input and returns any unexpected values in the response.

To solve the lab, inject an XML external entity to retrieve the contents of the /etc/passwd file.

Exploitation

Home page:

Let's view one of those products' details:

In here, we can see there is a Check stock button.

Let's use Burp Suite to intercept the request:

When we clicked that button, it'll send a POST request to /product/stock, with an XML data!

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<stockCheck>
    <productId>1</productId>
    <storeId>1</storeId>
</stockCheck>

Let's try to send an invalid XML data in the <productId> tag:

As you can see, the response in reflected to us!

Armed with that information, we can try to do an XXE injection!

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root [ <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> ]>
<stockCheck>
    <productId>&xxe;</productId>
    <storeId>1</storeId>
</stockCheck>

In here, we defined:

The root element of the document is root (!DOCTYPE root)
Then, inside that root element, we defined an external entity(variable) called xxe, which is using keyword SYSTEM to fetch file /etc/passwd
Finally, we want to use the xxe entity in <productId> tag, so we can see the output of /etc/passwd. To do so, we need to use &entity_name;

Let's send our XXE payload:

Nice! We successfully to extract the content of /etc/passwd!

What we've learned:

Exploiting XXE using external entities to retrieve files